Substances / Tramadol

Tramal®, Tramundin®, Tradonal®, Travex®, Ecodolor®, Adamon®, Amadol®, etc.

Tramadol is an analgesic agent for the treatment of moderate to severe pain and belongs to the group of opioid analgesics. Tramadol is generally considered to be very well tolerated by the human body and has therefore been available on the market in Switzerland since 1977 as a prescription painkiller under the name Tramal®.

Effect

Analgesic, anxiety-relieving, euphoric, mood-lifting, causes a general feeling of contentment.

The human body has its own pain-relieving system. The endogenous substance endorphin ensures that pain messages are sent to the human brain in a reduced form by docking to certain receptors in the human body. The active ingredient tramadol has a similar mode of action in that the active ingredient attaches to neurotransmitter docking sites (opioid receptors) and transmits a signal to the brain, which subsequently triggers pain relief. In addition, tramadol inhibits the reuptake of certain nerve messengers (noradrenaline and serotonin), which in turn increases the amount of free messengers in the tissue and supports the analgesic effect.

Duration

Duration of action

Swallowed: approx. 4 - 7 hours. After-effects may last up to 12 hours.

Onset of effect

Swallowed: after approx. 60 minutes

Tramadol is mainly taken orally in tablet form or as drops. However, it could theoretically also be snorted and injected. Injections are usually only administered in hospital.

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Dosage

Swallowed:

Mild: 50 - 100 mg
Moderate/Strong: 100 - 250 mg
Above 250 mg, there is a risk of respiratory arrest.

When consuming for the first time, low doses should be used, as the risk of respiratory arrest is increased.

Risks

Risks

Adverse side effects may include: headache, malaise/nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, dizziness, drowsiness, constipation, drowsiness, circulatory problems (palpitations, fainting spells, etc.).

In higher doses, seizures, speech disorders, paresthesias (unpleasant bodily sensations, e.g., body parts falling asleep), tremors (muscle tremors), coordination disorders, and circulatory collapse may occur. In addition, hallucinations, states of confusion, delirium, anxiety, sleep disorders and nightmares may also be triggered.

Long-term risks/consequences

Tramadol has a low dependence potential with moderate use. However, regular and long-term use can lead to psychological and physical dependence. Immediate discontinuation of the drug after prolonged use can lead to negative withdrawal symptoms, which may manifest as dizziness, physical weakness, inner restlessness, tremors, sleep disturbances, headaches, sweating, nausea, hallucinations and depression.

Prolonged use can lead to general mood changes, changes in decision-making behaviour or perceptual and reaction disorders.

Safer Use

Opioids are highly effective medications that should only be used for a limited time and, at best, with a doctor's supervision.

Start with a low dose and wait for the effect and tolerance before adding more.

After a period of abstinence, use a much lower dose! The usual dose before the abstinence phase can otherwise quickly have life-threatening consequences.

If you inject opioids, dose even more carefully, as the range between desired effect (rush) and dangerous overdose is even more difficult to assess. Avoid injecting opioids; the risk of overdose is particularly high. Always use new (clean and sterile) injection material! Never exchange syringes, filters, water, disinfection swabs to avoid transmission of hepatitis and HIV.

Do not rely on dosage information from colleagues who regularly use opioids. Due to habituation or dependence, their doses are significantly higher and can be fatal for new users.

Take longer breaks (at least several days) between consumption.

Refrain from citrus fruits (especially grapefruit) before or during consumption. The combination can lead to an increase in the effect of the opioid and/or respiratory depression

Mixed use

When consuming tramadol, mixed consumption should be avoided! Mixing with other downers (alcohol, benzodiazepines, drugs, GHB/GBL, heroin, opioids) can lead to dangerous interactions and an amplification of the effect and there is a risk of respiratory paralysis / respiratory depression, lowering of blood pressure or coma and in the worst case can lead to death!

Particularly noteworthy is mixed use with various antidepressants (e.g. amitriptyline, fluoxetine, citalopram, venlafaxine, etc.). With these combinations, there is a risk of serotonin syndrome. This also applies to mixed use with upper substances (cocaine, MDMA, amphetamine, etc.): This can lead to high stress for the body (circulatory collapse, etc.). In addition, tramadol should never be consumed with MAO inhibitors or inhibitors (MAOI). This can lead to considerable health-damaging interactions, which can manifest themselves in anxiety states, states of confusion and hallucinations.

Substances

3-CMC (Clophedrone)

3-MMC (3-methylmethcathinone)

4-FA

4-MMC (mephedrone)

6-APB

DOM - DOI - DOB

MDA - MDEA - MBDB

Methylone

Synthetic cannabinoids

Extender

No items found.

LSD analogues

LSD analogues are substances that are chemically very similar to LSD and can have comparable effects. Some of them have been known for a long time (e.g. ALD52, ETH-LAD, AL-LAD, PRO-LAD etc.) and have been studied pharmacologically as well as psychopharmacologically, at least in part. Others are newer "creations" (e.g. the derivatives 1P-LSD,1B-LSD, 1cP-LSD, 1V-LSDetc.), for which only few or no data are available. Certain LSD analogues can (still) be legally produced, traded and consumed in some countries, which is the main reason for their distribution.

Most LSD analogues are naturally different from LSD in their effect and/or potency (e.g. ETH-LAD, AL-LAD, LSZ etc.). In contrast, the so-called 1-acylated LSD compounds (e.g. 1P-LSD, 1V-LSD, 1B-LSD, ALD-52, etc.) are presumed, on the basis of pharmacological studies, to convert into LSD in the body (they function as so-called prodrugs) and thus have a comparable psychoactive effect to LSD.

In the case of prodrugs of LSD and LSD analogues, it has not been conclusively clarified whether, in addition to their psychoactive effect, they can produce other pharmacological effects. How potent these prodrugs are compared to the resulting substance (e.g., 1P-LSD to LSD), and to what extent a delay in onset of action occurs in each case, may be substance-dependent and cannot be generalized. Therefore, it is important to approach the dose/effect carefully to avoid overdoses.

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Tramadol

Effect

Duration

Dosage

Risks

Medicines

Emergency

Things to know

Current warnings

Advisory service

Downloads

Effect

Duration

Dosage

Risks

Effect

Dosage

Risks

Safer Use

Mixed use

Substances

Sex

Extender

LSD analogues

Medicines

Synthesis impurities

Emergency

Things to know

Current warnings

Advisory service

Downloads